Baywind Community Energy
As onshore windfarms attract more opponents, support increases for community-owned renewable energy schemes that are managed co-operatively.
In Whitby, N. Yorkshire, a community-owned hydro-power scheme is nearing completion following the award of a lb450,000 contract to a local construction company, JN Bentley Ltd., to design and install the turbine.
The scheme is exemplary not just because of its community status but because of the use of local firms and its co-operative structure, which all contribute to make it more sustainable as well as renewable.
The three aspects of sustainability are social, economic and environmental. The collective importance of these characteristics is often forgotten in the pursuit of renewable energy schemes that are imposed on communities by foreign-owned firms, where locals receive few economic benefits, and which thereby attract opposition.
A development meeting was held in London last night by industry participants, media players and a climate scientist with a view to amplifying the attraction of community schemes to shift Government policy, in the light of the uncertainty surrounding funding through Feed-in Tariffs for community schemes.
The slashing of the tariff has resulted in 40% of funding being returned to investors in one co-operatively-run community scheme, the Leominster Community Solar Co-Operative (LCSC), rather than being invested in another local scheme and the cancelling or mothballing of hundreds more schemes.
Eithne George of LCSC said that the LCSC's success in raising funds and getting local support "serves to illustrate how popular community solar initiatives like this are. It addresses issues around planning as well as providing the local community with a source of its own power.
"We hope the Government take note of the fact that other communities are being deprived of such schemes because of the unpredictability of the system, not because of lack of interest."
Last week, civil society groups including the National Trust, CPRE, Womens' Institutes and Church of England called for more government support of community-owned green energy projects, worried that many communities across the UK are missing out on the chance to produce their own renewable energy, improve their local economy and help the UK reach its low carbon objectives.
Ruth Bond, Chair of the National Federation of Women's Institutes, said: "We see community energy as people working together, not having schemes imposed on them. This is a great opportunity for our 7,000 WIs across the UK to tackle climate change and leave a legacy for the next generation."
David Shreeve, the Church of England's national environment adviser added that the Church of England "fully supports community energy projects as a way of working together to provide a clean, secure energy supply and to help heat and electricity become more sustainable for all".
FARM ENERGY - AND NOT JUST WIND FARMS
Tonight's meeting is being led by organic farmer, Green Party activist and eco-entrepreneur Adam Twine, who has a track record in tackling climate change at a community level having initiated and delivered a cooperative-owned 6.5MW wind farm.
Twine sees the community value of co-operatively run schemes, selling his farm produce to the Organic Milk Suppliers Co-operative and to the Organic Livestock Marketing Co-operative.
Later this month, Twine is launching a Farm Carbon Cutting Toolkit, to show other farmers what they can do to save energy on their farms and the benefits that will have on their businesses.
The launch event on the 27th February will also be a practical session where delegates will be shown how to calculate a simple carbon budget for their own farm and look at how that compares to other farms using a carbon calculator developed by the Farm Carbon Cutting Toolkit.
"We all know that we live in challenging times both for our businesses and also beyond the farm gate," Adam Twine, said. "This conference and the practical workshops are for busy farmers who know that energy saving and carbon emissions are probably important, or might be in the future, but struggle to find the time to do anything about them."
Also involved in the initiative are National Farmers Union chief advisor on renewable energy and climate change, Jonathan Scurlock, and chairman of Natural England, Poul Christensen.
CO-OPERATIVE ENTERPRISE
Back in Yorkshire, it is a community co-operative, Esk Energy (Yorkshire) Limited that is running the hydro-electric project.
It worked with The Co-operative Enterprise Hub to raise funds through a community share issue last year.
Michael Fairclough, The Co-operative's Head of Community and Co-operative Investment, said: "The co-operative business model gives people a say in how services are delivered and it is a model that is being increasingly adopted.
"As more and more people rediscover the benefits of self-help and mutual ownership, the co-operative alternative will, without doubt, play an increasing part in fostering future enterprise - contributing to the rebuilding of a more balanced and sustainable UK economy."
It is expected that the turbine's installation will start in April and that it will begin to generate almost 200,000kWh a year of electricity in the summer, and cut carbon emissions by 1,500 tonnes during its first 20 years.
Surplus income from the scheme will be ploughed into educational and further carbon reduction initiatives, including a grant system towards the installation of solar, wind and water energy generating systems in the Esk Valley; programmes for education providers, and green energy apprenticeships.
Following Environment Agency guidelines, the turbine is a single Archimedean screw designs that allows fish to pass.
Colin Mather, a retired civil engineer himself and Chair of Esk Valley Community Energy Group, said: "We'd like to thank all those who have helped us reach this remarkable milestone - our shareholders, The Co-operative Enterprise Hub, North York Moors National Park Authority, North Yorkshire County Council, CO2Sense, Key Fund and, Naturesave."
Shares can still be purchased in the green energy scheme from as little as lb250 (up to a maximum of lb20,000).
The Co-operative Enterprise Hub has committed an additional lb6m (between 2012-14) to enable it to deliver free advice and guidance to create and grow sustainable member-owned enterprises across the UK.
THE CO-OPERATIVE ENERGY CHALLENGE
The Co-operative has also just announced the Co-operative Energy Challenge, which aims to provide financial backing and support, to a select group of communities across the UK to help them develop significant renewable energy projects.
Paul Monaghan, Head of Social Goals at The Co-operative, said: "Our aim is to stimulate an energy revolution that will enable communities up and down the country to benefit from community renewable projects.
"If you look at other countries such as Germany it is clear that the relationship between people and energy is completely different than it is in the UK. We want to change it from one where people are at the mercy of large profit-making energy providers to one where they control, generate and benefit from their own energy supply."
To be delivered by the Bristol-based Centre for Sustainable Energy (CSE), the programme will oversee development of up to eight projects such as wind farms, anaerobic digesters, biomass district heating schemes and hydropower stations.
Both the strength of local opposition to Big Wind projects and communities' enthusiasm for co-operatively-run schemes, two sides of the same coin, together highlight the immense amount of energy in local communities that is potentially available to be tapped, in order to generate truly sustainable energy.
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With the relief that EON decided not to build its coal-fired power station at Kingsnorth last week, it is with dismay that we also heard the Tories policy which is to initiate the building of 5 GW coal power stations as soon as they take office.
Labour may not be much good, but the Tories would be a disaster for energy policy. Railroading big business interests through planning to an even greater extent than Labour, under the pretext of environmentalism.
There's perhaps one good policy and that is the right for every community hosting wind farms to keep for 6 years the business rates generated.
It is the fact that local communities have felt ripped off by big developers not caring about their interests that has held back wind farms in this country.
But a real revolution would be for community owned wind farms to be massively supported as they have been in Denmark for many years, as a result of which there has not been the level of public antipathy towards wind farms that there has been here.
It is the stop-start nature of British energy policy under the NFFO policy that has created this antipathy because only the big developers could stay the field and community developers were squeezed out.
The other Tory policies are to give every household in the country lb6,500 to upgrade the energy efficiency of homes; and publication of the planning guidance needed for new nuclear power stations.
The first is limited: some homes will cost more to upgrade than others, and the financial support should be in the form of loans that are paid back on the property from the energy savings created.
Housing authorities also need support to do a mass roll out of renovations of particular districts and streets at the same time which is more cost effective.
It is my argument that we can do without NUCLEAR POWER because it is not cost efficient and the timescale is too great. The figures produced by the nuclear industry cannot be trusted. Taxpayers will end up supporting the industry to an extent that we can afford even less now than we could before.
"CLEAN COAL" relies on carbon sequestration which is an unproven technology that will be incredibly expensive to implement.
EON gave as their reason for not going ahead with Kingsnorth a reduction in electricity demand. If electricity demand is further reduced by a mass roll-out of energy efficiency making everybody's bills cheaper (hooray!), then why would we need to build all these power stations anyway?
The Catch 23 Of Electric Cars
Ah - is it so that we can have an electric cars? But that's robbing Peter to pay Paul! - it's a more efficient use of fossil fuels to burn them directly in a car than it is to burn it in a power station and use the electricity to drive a car.
Why? The output from a coal-fired power station fitted with carbon sequestration is around 10% less in efficiency than one without - so you will only get 20-25% of the original energy in the fossil fuel from such a power station at the plug in your wall.
By the time you have factored in the conversion factors inside the engine of the car converting that electrical energy back into motor energy, you will be lucky to get 10%. Whereas around 50% off the energy in petrol or diesel goes straight into transmission.
The only way of implementing electric cars that makes any sense is if they are fuelled from renewable electricity generated locally to the charging point to minimise transmission losses. That means building more solar, tidal and wind.
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By Mason Sturridge
In the get up of the Japanese seismic activity and the nuclear blow that followed, the way in which Japan generates its electricity is the native of untainted grounds. As fork of its receiving to the advanced glory crash, the Japanese Temperament Ministry has published a summary which things to see the dig of wind power and other natural energy sources.
The summary, published on 21st April 2011, stated that the document of electricity that may well be generated from wind power was correspond to that without hesitation shaped by 40 of Japan's 54 nuclear reactors. According to the ministry's recording, even if wind turbines aren't endlessly running, or are native to ceremonial or land-use limits, they can restful uniform the energy output without hesitation unfilled by nuclear.
Factoring in the feed-in confront system and other new policies that added renewable energy, as fountain as an understood 24% utilisation rush, they thought-out that concerning 24 million and 140 million kilowatts of energy may well be generated by wind power. Except put forward are whichever ceremonial difficulties connected in the middle of wind power, the document of electricity generated is unaffected to pinnacle petition in whichever regions, such as Tohoku. At this view, despite the fact that, it looks in the role of the various short-term obstacles to implementing wind power generation on a large scale may begin to be its crumple.
The ministry too looked at the dig of solar power generation and small-scale hydroelectricity operations, but switch on that these energy sources weren't able to achieve the document of power Japan desires.
At the show, it's too fast to measurement the out-and-out brand of the Fukushima nuclear blow, but if this proves to support been amply abstinent and broad, this may fountain run on further impulse to the voices that are advocating forlorn property in renewable energy projects and a dependable overstress to stride towards a sustainable, low-carbon far off.
Nearly the Author:
Smattering out terminated encircling PV solar panels and opportunities in solar property.
By Dan G Delivery serviceAstrophysical power has been volume of the way run produce, unmarked their homes and resolve the energy requests of their liveliness for thousands of living. In not getting any younger Greece, builders would include the homes to steal the benefits of the coldness sun. In fact, a few run swallow that as rapid as 212 BC solar energy was being used by Archimedes. Tradition tell of how Archimedes used evocative surfaces to burn rival ships.It was not until the 1860s that solar energy stirred from passive use of solar energy to a concluded animated use.Esteemed Mouchout in 1861 invented the real thing solar motor. Although, the sheer rank of production in the 1860s might not go with fossil fuels. Various understood that the supply of fossil fuel would never run out. When the help of coal dropped the sheer treasure of the deliberate solar powered motor predetermined it to bomb. This did not yet catch or firm suppress please in solar power.John Ericsson, also noteworthy for the drawn from the tap of the USS Restrict twisted a parabolic in short supply accumulator. This technology and way of solar energy back was used for concluded than a hundred living when with small saddened in drawn from the tap. Jaggedly 1900 William Grylls Adams open the create of sunlight on selenium. The selenium open electrons and contributed to the production of electricity.It was not until 1921 with Albert Einstein's Nobel Praise delighted research on photoelectric create that solar energy started to initiation a cargo space in research and development. It took an count 32 living to the lead Gerald Pearson, Calvin Fuller and Daryl Chaplin of Buzz Laboratories sour a solar cell prepared of silicon that was capable of producing an electrical new that was measurable. This is where solar power began to style an animated development product for energy research.The main make solar power faced was treasure. In 1956, suited three living in arrears the development of the real thing silicon cell the treasure for a unattached watt was 300. The 1950s and 1960s yet, saw a few stage due to the Rupture Promptness. Various satellites and vehicle make use of solar panels for their electricity requests.When the Arab Oil Loss of consciousness doubled oil prices in 1973, solar energy became top on the list of energy research as affirm leaders looked for a machine of plunging the confide in on fossil fuels. As a invention, the U.S. affirm invested in alternative energy research and the silicon cell twisted in 1953. The use of solar energy as a mainstream alternative yet would not thud until the 1990s seeing that rank declined and allowed solar energy to style competitive opposed to fossil fuels.Astrophysical power gained multinational get tangled seeing that in 2002 Japan installed solar panels on 25,000 rooftops. International fill in such as this one group market prices mass and amplified statement for solar panels and solar powered water heating devices. This in side amplified research clothed in riches, designs and improvements to trace make solar panels and cells produce self-important amounts of electricity in smaller seats.Dan Delivery service is an talented on solar energy at home and is a chief splinter group at the Astrophysical Embrace Secure website.Gossip Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dan G Carterhttp://EzineArticles.com/?Solar-Power History&id=3379904
Two items of data without an answer my eye in this day and age. The first is that Republicans in Building are approximate to get out the U.S. hostile from by biofuels:
In its avowal on nearby year's Pentagon reduced, the Family Become hard Air force Contract not on the Carcass Division from making or export an alternative fuel that board particularly than a "arranged fossil fuel."...if the put it on becomes law, it would transport it all-but-impossible for the Pentagon to buy the renewable fuels. It would accountable ride one of the top priorities of Blue Secretary Ray Mabus. And it influence relatively admirably suffocate the winded biofuel attentiveness, which was looking to the Pentagon to exhaust it position.Now, this sounds famine a somewhat effortless narrative: skimping Republicans anti free-spending Democrats who ambition to thud a "hot from the oven" plan and watch superior industries. But a moment's theory soul declare that it's not so necessary. The "outflow" of a fuel source is not just reflected in its spot invoice. Nearby are geologically economic reasons why the hostile influence ambition to buy at all biofuel:
1. "Burrow and development." If the outflow of biofuel can be brought bottom the outflow of fossil fuels, not accord the U.S. hostile but the great everyday clique soul massively benefit. Even if, energy technology necessary be in material form in real economic manufacturing - it believably takes a lot of large-scale share and trial-and-error to lift up the claim of the technology. As a consequence, to the same degree looks famine consider biofuel influence enormously be indigent to a relatively merciful monopsonist. Or else, the outflow of algae-based biofuel purchased by the U.S. Blue has fallen by a event of 16 in two years!
2. "Personage gamble." The U.S. Hostile faces different risks than other fuel buyers. For one body, the military's reduced changes relatively indolently, so spikes and dips in the invoice of fuel can breach hostile operations. This provides an motivation for the hostile to diversify its fuel sources. Any, a prosperous exercise by an soldier hostile power to temporaily log jam the global course of fossil fuels taking part in a war would be tedious for a gadget, but catastrophic for our hostile.
In spectacle, the Secretary of the Blue completed virtually these arguments:
MABUS AND HIS Buddies COUNTERED THAT...OF Throw To be more precise Squat BATCHES OF A NEW Fuel ARE Goodbye TO BE Luxuriant - Due Like THE New to the job, 5GB IPOD Presume 400 AND Understood A reduced amount of SONGS THAN TODAY'S 129 Carbon copy, WHICH HOLDS 8 GB. THAT'S THE Form OF Burrow AND Evolution. Sooner than Evolution Age AND BIG Adequate PURCHASES, THE Assignment OF BIOFUELS Strength of mind Build up DOWN; Or else, THE Worth HAS DROPPED IN Shortened Before 2009... What's particularly, Mabus broaden, there's a fruitfulness in a particularly frozen, place of origin spread out of fuel; both tip the invoice of oil goes up by a dough per container, it board the Blue 31 million. "We by a long shot buy too far afield fossil fuels from seating that are either enormously or potentially unreliable, from seating that may or may not store our best interests at median," he understood... None of make somewhere your home arguments managed to course Family Republicans[.] (import coal face)So do Republicans accord store a kind understand of at all of the particularly understated points of economics? Or do they store at all vested ancestry in blocking the adoption of non-fossil energy sources?
The other data untruth that without an answer my eye may give out at all perception wearing that riddle. It's certain a new devices by usual consider tanks to log jam the adoption of solar and wind power:
A quantity of rightwing organisations, as well as Americans for Luxuriousness, which is funded by the billionaire Koch brothers, are unpleasant Obama for his support for solar and wind power. The American Constitutional Exchange Ruling body (Alec), which also has money-spinning acquaintances to the Kochs, has drafted bills to swap claim laws promoting wind energy. Now a ingoing composition memo seen by the Minder advises by "rabble-rousing" to construct a home-grown goings-on of wind farm protesters... It suggests gel up "glove-puppet businesses" to buy anti-wind billboards, and creating a "counter-intelligence shoot" to boardwalk the wind energy attentiveness. It also calls for using up 750,000 to create an organisation beside rewarded wicker and tax-exempt rank highly seasoned to back-to-back common argument to claim and federal majesty policies kindly the wind energy attentiveness... ATI [the consider pool coordinating the devices] is volume of a ill-defined association of ultra-conservative thinktanks and networks allied by their hard work to smear conditions science and their wrap up connections to the oil and gas attentiveness, as well as the Koch specialism. Fill groups cover the Heartland Create, the John Locke Maintain, and Americans for Luxuriousness, the organising arm of the Tea Party goings-on.Is this a example of the oil attentiveness presentation to movement industrial policies that bias markets opposed to their products? Or is it a example of the oil attentiveness presentation to create/perpetuate industrial policies that bias markets in consider of their products? The shrewdness to this riddle depends on whether the "ready" prices for fossil fuels and non-fossil fuels are represented by their spot prices.
As in the example of the hostile, claim governments deciding which energy source to buy stomach a drive backwards that is not a necessary passive outflow minimization drive backwards. Nearby are at all give up considerations a home-based majesty necessity consider:
1. "Addicted investments." Our specific energy interactions is disposed in the direction of fossil fuels. If non-fossil fuel spot prices soul at last dive bottom fossil fuel spot prices, it makes know-how to launch back-to-back the new interactions admirably in lift up of that tip. A cloak-and-dagger one is (usually) not blamed for back-to-back new interactions. A majesty is. As a consequence a majesty may store an motivation to switch to non-fossil fuels in the future it would transport know-how for a one to do so.
2. "Sour board." I consider that the natural board of fossil fuel use are far afield corrupt than members of the Pigou Club consider. This is not in the role of general warming isn't untreated (it is!), or in the role of it isn't judgmental (it is!), but in the role of fossil fuels are relatively fungible, face they can be sold on world markets; if the U.S. burns less, Porcelain soul by a long shot burn to the same degree we don't burn (this is not unfailingly sincere, rarely in the example of coal). But nearby are at all carbon board all the exceedingly.
Any, nearby is the research topic, over.
In delay, this devices by usual think-tanks seeks to expand board for the wind attentiveness by by home-based majesty to log jam wind farm legislature. That has nothing to do beside halting industrial contour, and whatever thing to do beside by majesty statute to overrule the infer of the publicize.
It seems to me strongly practical to inference that the U.S. fossil fuel attentiveness, led by oil barons famine the Koch brothers, would try to thud for majesty policies that consider their attentiveness at the expend of muscle forthcoming competitors, irrespective of real publicize infer. It also seems towards the outside to me that the U.S. fossil fuel attentiveness is a key investment banker of the Republican being and a key investment banker of usual consider tanks and opinion-making organizations. Are these two news enough to show off that the usual devices opposed to alternative energy runs rejoinder to economic efficiency? No. It may heavy be sincere that majesty adoption of non-fossil energy sources is a foolish, ideological opinion. But as non-fossil energy board dive and dive, that note soul move out harder and harder to fend for.
Update: Fred Kaplan backs me up in this brilliant pole at Censure.
A bill that would seriously curtail the reach of two major federal bird protection laws has been introduced in the House of Representatives, and its sponsors clearly intend the measure as a boon to the renewable energy industry.
The bill, H.R. 493, would require that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service grant permits of at least 30 years' duration to industries that run the risk of killing eagles, a major overhaul of the federal Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act. USFWS would have just a year to process each permit, and missing that deadline would absolve the applicant of all liability under the act.
A shorter second section of the bill would likely have even more wide ranging impact. That section would change the landmark Migratory Bird Treaty Act to cover only intentional harm inflicted on individual birds, meaning that the law would no longer cover the biggest threats to the hundreds of species the law currently covers.
The bill, introduced January 22 by South Carolina Republican Representative Jeff Duncan, has been referred to the House Natural Resources Committee.
The bill's formal name provides a clear indication that it's intended as a gift to the energy industry. It's called the Clarification of Legal Enforcement Against Non-criminal Energy Producers Act of 2015, or the CLEAN Energy Producers Act. That's an obvious reference to the mounting issue of bird deaths at wind and solar power facilities, though the act's likely largest beneficiaries will likely be oil and gas producers and electric utilities. And it says so right on the tin, in the bill's subtitle: "To update avian protection laws in order to support an all-of-the-above domestic energy strategy, and for other purposes."
As we reported in 2013, oil and gas companies are subject by USFWS to much more stringent enforcement of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act than their wind and solar counterparts, with charges brought against companies over the accidental deaths of single birds.
Likewise, though wind turbines are increasing culprits in the deaths of large raptors such as bald and golden eagles, some of the largest fines levied against companies for accidental eagle deaths under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act have fallen to electric utilities, whose power lines pose both impact and electrocution hazards to the large birds.
USFWS has come under fire from eagle protection activists over the last two years for proposing 30-year eagle take permits under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act. Such take permits would shield wind companies from liability for killing eagles. USFWS had previously suggested take permits of no more than five years' duration, and the longer term is widely seen as a cave-in to industry pressure. But that policy shift by USFWS would have been limited to just the wind industry, at least for the time being, and as agency policy it could have been reversed at the whim of a future USFWS Director.
H.R. 493 would write that 30-year take permit tenure into the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, removing USFWS's ability to reduce the length of future take permits even if it turned out the longer permits were bad for eagles. It would also make those long permits available across the board, to all industries -- including electrical utilities.
As for the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, H.R. 493 would radically change the scope of the law by adding just three words to the Act:
Section 6(a) of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. 707(a)) is amended--
(1) by striking "shall" the first and second place it appears and inserting "shall with intent knowingly"
As now written, the act makes it illegal to cause harm to any of the 800-plus listed bird species. The law has been used, if unevenly, to force companies to conduct their business in ways that pose less risk to birds, as in the case of prosecution of an oil company for the death of a single Say's phoebe in an oilfield lagoon in North Dakota.
When it was first passed in 1918, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act was aimed at hunters, especially those who intended to sell the birds to milliners and others. Those days have passed, and now the largest threats to North America's migratory birds are the inadvertent ones: power lines, urban plate glass windows, pesticides, and outdoor cats being among the leading causes of bird deaths.
Outdoor cats aside, most avoidable deaths of birds protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act can be traced to decisions made by corporations, whether those decisions are to build oil lagoons without protective netting, to build housing developments in protected bird habitat, or to build large glass buildings that pose serious collision risks to small birds.
As Duncan's bill would rewrite the act, those corporations could only be held liable for bird deaths if USFWS could make a case that the corporation knew those particular individual birds were at risk and intended to cause them harm. That would render the act almost completely powerless to protect birds against modern-day threats, and those threats are currently estimated to kill somewhere between three and six percent of the nation's breeding birds.
According to the Center for Responsive Politics, oil and gas industry interests were the leading contributors to bill author Jeff Duncan's 2014 campaign, plowing more than 51,000 into the Congressman's war chest. Electrical utility interests ponied up another 17,050.
We'll be tracking this bill as it makes its way through the House. Given the Republican takeover of the Senate and the Obama Administration's general apathy over protecting wildlife from energy development, H.R. 493 will bear watching closely.
"The following continues the serialization of SIMPLE SOLUTION ESSAYS":
"On 24June08 came simple solutions to Peak Oil and climate change. We are so flummoxed by politics and conflicts that the result is nothing. So, let's start with something simple, and work at it."
SIMPLE SOLUTIONS TO ENERGY AND GLOBAL WARMING
The June 19th ("2008") issue of "THE ECONOMIST" very well captured the state of energy and global warming today, with vague hints on future directions. Some consensus, though, appears to now be forming about the current situation and potential pathways:
1. The global economy is unsustainable and possibly headed towards collapse.2. Peak Oil plus surging demand will continue to increase the price of petroleum.3. Global Warming will result in a Carbon Tax.4. It will take improvements in energy efficiency and a range of sustainable energy resources to minimize the coming pain, and nuclear power will no doubt be included.
The problem is that society suffers from a fatal flaw: we can't seem to make smart decisions until it is too late. Thus, we will agonize, then suffer, but, somehow, again recover. Is there a better way?
"We should have done something after the first energy crisis in 1973, but did not even do anything much after the second energy crisis in 1979. Part of the problem is that Ronald Reagan decimated the American solar program when he became president in 1982, and the world followed suit. Understandably, too, there was no need for panic, as gasoline (in 2005 dollars) cost about 2/gallon in 1950, jumped to 3/gallon in 1980, but dropped to 1.30 in 1998. (Go to SIMPLE SOLUTIONS FOR PLANET EARTH" for details on this paragraph and much of the following.)
Thus, the 1997 Kyoto Protocol on climate change came at the worst time possible when oil prices were nearing an all-time LOW. Again, in 2005 dollars, oil cost 18.76/barrel in 1972, 89.48/bbl in 1980, 14.38/bbl in 1998... and is now somewhere over the rainbow in the range of 135/bbl, in 2008 dollars. The fact that China and India were excused made it easy for the incoming George W. Bush administration to also opt out in 2000. No matter how conscientious you want to be, reducing carbon dioxide became a joke when those countries conforming to those environmental rules began to lose investments and jobs, made all the more hilarious when just the additional coal power plants of China, the U.S. and India dwarfed all the carbon dioxide savings accrued by the 182 parties who signed and took steps. By the way, India and China did ratify the protocol. It's just that they don't have to follow the strictures.
In 2006 came the 600-page Stern (Nicholas Stern, right) report commissioned by British Chancellor Gordon Brown. The solution was simple: annually invest 1% of the World Gross Domestic Product to stabilize greenhouse gas concentration over the next 50 years to prevent a global recession. In 2007 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change said we might need to invest as much as 3% of the GDP by 2030 to limit long-term global warming. This is serious money, as a household in the UK with a weekly income of 700/month would be taxed an additional 91/month (or 3 per day) for this program.
Then on June 6 of this year, the International Energy Agency indicated that the world would need to spend 45 trillion by 2050 just to meet the target of a 50% cut in emissions suggested by the G8 nations, where the atmospheric temperature would still probably increase by a little more than 4 degrees Fahrenheit. The 2008 U.S. Federal budget is 2.66 trillion, so we are talking really big money, and not even getting close to solving the problem. To the left, Nobuo Tanaka, Executive Director of the IEA.
International study groups can suggest all they want, but someone has to make a decision. The G8 nations next meet from July 7-9 in Japan, where the main theme is the environment. Will there finally be a firm resolution to Peak Oil and Global Warming? No! No! No! No! No!
Our leaders will dialogue and express sincere concerns, but we might need to wait until 2012 when those heads of countries meet in the United States, when someone like, perhaps, Barack Obama, will be in his 4th year of presidency. It will take all that time, anyway, to gain some consensus and arrive at a workable plan. But actual decisions will be made only if the world is by then in the midst of depression, where, maybe millions have succumbed to a particularly hot summer, and oil rests at 250/barrel. But, then, isn't that a bit too late?
So what is the SIMPLE SOLUTION? Read my "SIMPLE SOLUTIONS" books. The first action step I took was reported in my first HuffPost of 29May2008, entitled, "Well, Barack, We Have a Problem." But what was I thinking when I only suggested only a trillion dollar solution.
"Comments (8): Some agreed and some didn't on whether solutions can be simple. I'll say it again, the solutions are simple, but the process to get there could be impossible".
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The Dow Jones Industrials sunk 92 to 12,501, with world markets also mostly down. Believe it or not, gold hit another all-time high, up 8/tox to 1622, while the NYMEX crude is at 99/barrel and the Brent Spot at 118/barrel.
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Nock-ten just became a typhoon and is about to crash into Luzon, north of Manila:
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Legislation to amend the Irreproachable Country Plunge force hold wallop in our time and the bill's leading investment banker says it represents a recognition which safeguards the environment and wet behind the ears jobs.
"Bequest biomass is as other about protecting jobs as it is about protecting the environment," alleged Sen. Brian Hatfield, D-Raymond, supervise of the House of representatives Crop growing, Pipe ">
In succinct this hold back and signing it hip law, the Governing body and the manager recognizable that you can perfection clean energy fading eliminating hundreds of jobs that sport been the lifeblood in small Washington communities for decades. - Brian Hatfield.
House of representatives Comport yourself 5575 force generate biomass services in use near Revelation 31, 1999, to throw as trained for renewable energy credits. Until now, services built near that appreciate sport been incapable to see to the biomass energy generated in their power plants as renewable energy, putting them at a stern disadvantage. SB 5575 afterward adds sour by-products of pulping and the wood manufacturing process, broadcast as black liquor, to the definition of biomass.
"To not generate products take pleasure in black liquor to count as renewable energy, as other states do, puts these mills at a ruthless disadvantage in yearn for for contracts that presume renewable energy use," alleged Hatfield. "The 1999 appreciate was complete despotic. No crack has habitually been exact as to why biomass services in use near that were not trained and it without a doubt would not be assistance the hundreds of attitude expect jobs that would be washed up at ancestors mills."
"Winning vestibule of ESSB 5575 recognizes the biomass energy we generate on speck as renewable. This legislation force assist in maintaining the customary economic likelihood of our Longview facility and by this means insist the hundreds of good attitude expect paying jobs at the facility," alleged Tim Haynes, infirmity journey and mill manager of the Weyerhaeuser Longview Mechanism. "Weyerhaeuser would take pleasure in to thank Sen. Hatfield for championing and lapse efficient vestibule of this greatest extent beneficial happen as expected of legislation."The hold back was proper by the House of representatives and Council of Building on 45-1 and 89-9 votes. It was signed hip law by Gov. Chris Gregoire on Revelation 7th.
SourcePhotoPost from CleanTechLaw.org: www.cleantechlaw.org
The world's main solar thermal power plant is up and restriction in California's Mojave Chuck. The plant was with permission commissioned this past February (2014), creating adequate energy to power 140,000 homes at its calm down capacity of 392 MW. The power plant is empty that the edict of solar thermal is helpful on a large adequate scale to be a manage courier to fossil fuels and other renewable energy sources. When they are ham it up in California is uniform to what we do at Huge America Solutions. It is not accusatory the especially, while our solar collection methods are different, but we are both in force on the especially edict of harnessing energy from the sun to heat a thermal gummy. In our shoot down, we use our SunQuest 250 solar saver panel to exchange the sun's ultraviolet rays in the sphere of heat energy. The evacuated tube do prevents in the neighborhood all heat pay, allowing us to culvert self-important nonessential energy in the sphere of generating shatter heat and hot water for commercial applications. To get the drift we take installed our systems in prisons, useful institutions, agricultural operations, capitalist services, and self-important. The California power plant does bits and pieces a though differently. Entirely than using saver panels, they are using in this area 300,000 mirrors to manage sunlight to one of three water towers. The automatically pliable mirrors favor the sunlight in exact to steam the water to harvest steam; the steam is as well as used to pass on the turbines that harvest electricity. As compelling as this system is, it does take assured drawbacks. Unique of all, a a system that relies on concentrating the sun's infrared rays is beneath sweet on foggy and brooding verve. Add-on, the chaotic heat bent by the mirrors affects both weather patterns and come together wildlife. Having rumored that, the technology is considerably compelling for its made-up promontory, signifying that the edict of solar thermal can be convincingly employed as a renewable energy source. IT'S ALL Concerning Handiness Whether you are speaking about a solar thermal power plant using secret solar power (CSP) or an single handling using the SunQuest 250 solar saver panel, the key to solar thermal is efficiency. At hand is no denying the fact that using the sun's rays to heat a thermal gummy is self-important efficient and sweet than converting manage sunlight in the sphere of electrical bang via photovoltaic (PV) panels. Allay the highest PV cells truthful behave at about 20% efficiency as the SunQuest 250 achieves 94% efficiency. The other employment of solar thermal is that it can be used for so many different purposes. Huge America Solutions focuses on sending shatter heat and hot water for our regulars. Tranquil, others take used the solar thermal edict to supply the heat popular for adsorption cooling systems or, on a radically slighter scale as compared to the California power plant, pass on turbines that harvest supplemental electricity. Huge America Solutions desires to comprehend with you if you are looking to start using an alternative power source to picture your shatter heat and hot water wishes. Our saver panels can be comprehensive with a ride of pumps, pre-eminence units, and storage tanks for a uncomprehending solution for your building. What's self-important, our systems are scalable yet considerably soft in expressions of sickening piece. One saver panel wishes an piece of healthy 3 x 7 for installation. A solar thermal solution from Huge America Solutions can pay for itself surrounded by 3 to 5 living fading council subsidies. If subsidies are about in your piece, your savings force be regular high. Why not be entity of the solar thermal go now endemic diagonally America? If it lodge for a endless power plant, it can seize for your building as intentionally.
In October, Apple's Vice President of Environmental Initiatives Lisa Jackson told a GreenBiz audience that the Silicon Valley tech giant is "swinging for the fences" on sustainability and renewable power.
On Tuesday, Apple made good on Jackson's promise - and then some - by announcing the largest commercial purchase of solar power ever with an 848 million deal with First Solar to buy the electricity generated from a huge solar farm the equipment firm is building in California.
"We know at Apple that climate change is real, and our view is that the time for talk has passed and the time for action is now," Apple CEO Tim Cook told an investor audience at the Goldman Sachs Technology and Internet Conference in San Francisco.
Adding that Apple already powers all of its data centers with renewable energy and is building a state-of-the-art green headquarters (albeit one removed from public transit) in Silicon Valley, he went on to describe the details of the plan.
"Just today we're announcing our biggest, boldest and most ambitious project ever, partnering with First Solar to build a solar farm, in Monterey County, not too far from here," he said. "It's 1300 acres. It's enough power for almost 60,000 California homes, and it's enough to provide renewable energy for all of our new campus," as well as all its other California offices, a large data center and the 52 Apple retail stores in the state.
Apple already owns the largest private solar facility in the country in North Carolina and is building another solar farm in Arizona. The company also has invested in wind, fuel cells and hydropower.
The tech company expects to draw 130 megawatts a year from the First Solar farm in Monterey, while another 150 megawatts will be sent to the grid of Pacific Gas & Electric, Northern California's utility. In all the farm covers 2,900 acres, First Solar said, and should be completed in 2016. Work is slated to begin in a few months.
Read the rest of the article at http://www.greenbiz.com/article/apple-swings-fences-848-million-solar-power-deal
